05. Harjoitustyöt ja kurssitutkielmat / Coursework and Term papers, Final projects
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Yliopistossa suoritettujen opintojen harjoitus- ja lopputöitä / Coursework, term papers and final projects completed at the university
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Browsing 05. Harjoitustyöt ja kurssitutkielmat / Coursework and Term papers, Final projects by Degree programme/Major subject "Acoustics and Audio Technology"
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- Adaptive loudness compensation in audio reproduction
Sähkötekniikan korkeakoulu |(2019-05-06) Fierro, LeonardoThis work involves the study of the psychoacoustic phenomenon of nonlinear and frequency dependent loudness perception, its modeling, and the use of digital filters to introduce an adaptive compensation based on the reproduction level. Music and sound are mixed and mastered at a particular loudness level, which is usually louder than the level they are commonly played at. This implies a change in the perceived spectral balance of the audio source, which is largest in the bass and sub-bass ranges. As the volume setting in music reproduction is decreased, a loudness compensation filter can be designed to introduce an appropriate boost, so that the low frequencies are still heard well and the perceived spectral balance is preserved. This thesis describes a loudness compensation function derived from the standard equal-loudness level contours and its implementation via a digital first-order shelving filter, and it documents a formal listening test, designed and conducted to validate the accuracy of such a method. The research work was carried out between October 2018 and January 2019, during a visiting period at the Aalto University, Espoo, Finland. - User Position-Based Loudspeaker Correction
Sähkötekniikan korkeakoulu |(2021-12-13) Lindfors, JoelIn this thesis, a novel loudspeaker correction system is presented and studied.This correction system uses the location of the user to determine the calibrationparameters. Conventional loudspeaker correction uses a static equalizer to correctfor the coloration of the loudspeaker system at all times. However, the response ofthe loudspeaker changes dynamically with the location of the user. By correctingfor the loudspeaker’s response at multiple locations and changing the calibration inreal-time based on the user’s location, we expect a less colored frequency responsecompared to no applied calibration or conventional calibration methods. Thedeveloped method,User Position-Based LoudspeakerCorrection (UC), producesa flatter frequency response than that of no applied calibration: in one of themeasurement conditions the averages of the ranges of the frequency response (thedifference between the largest and the smallest decibel value) went from 10.3 dBin the non-corrected setting to 4.7 dB in the UC setting. Further, it is shownto outperform a conventional method of correcting for the frequency responseof each point in space by using calibration derived from measurements from apredetermined listening position. The average of the ranges with the conventionalmethod of calibration in the aforementioned listening condition was 6.8 dB. Finally,by interpolating the EQ gains for the calibration from a set of measurements for thesuggested correction method, the system’s resolution could be increased with theresulting calibration still outperforming the conventional correction method. Theaverages of the ranges for the interpolation methods in the aforementioned listeningcondition were around 6.1 dB varying approximately 0.1 dB with the method.